Albuquerque CS, Bauman BL, Rzeznitzeck J, Caney SM, & Gunn-Moore, DA. Priorities on treatment and monitoring of diabetic cats from the owners’ points of view. J Feline Med Surg 2019. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X19858154

Restine LM, Norsworthy GD, Kass P. Loose-control of diabetes mellitus with protamine zinc insulin in cats: 185 cases (2005–2015). The Canadian Veterinary Journal 2019; 60: 399–404.

American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Fact Sheet: Diabetes Mellitus. https://www.acvim.org/Portals/0/PDF/Animal%20Owner%20Fact%20Sheets/SAIM/SAIM_DiabetesMellitus.pdf  (accessed March 15, 2019)

Behrend E, Holford A, Lathan P, et al. 2018 AAHA Diabetes Management Guidelines for Dogs and Cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2018; 54: 1–21.

Gottlieb S, Rand J. Managing feline diabetes: current perspectives. Vet Med (Auckl) 2018; 9: 33–42.

Öhlund M, Egenvall A, Fall T, et al. Environmental Risk Factors for Diabetes Mellitus in Cats. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 31: 29–35.

Lewitt MS, Strage E, Church D. An individual approach to feline diabetes care: a case report and literature review. Acta Vet Scand 2016; 58: 63.

Roomp K, Rand J. Rebound hyperglycaemia in diabetic cats. J Feline Med Surg 2016; 18: 587–596.

Corradini S, Pilosio B, Dondi F, et al. Accuracy of a Flash Glucose Monitoring System in Diabetic Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30: 983–988.

Gilor C, Niessen SJM, Furrow E, et al. What's in a Name? Classification of Diabetes Mellitus in Veterinary Medicine and Why It Matters. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30: 927–940.

Sparkes AH, Caney S, Chalhoub S, et al. ISFM Consensus Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of Feline Chronic Kidney Disease. J Feline Med Surg 2016; 18: 219–239.

Gottlieb S, Rand JS, Marshall R, et al. Glycemic status and predictors of relapse for diabetic cats in remission. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29: 184–192.

Norsworthy GD, Wexler-Mitchell E. Management of diabetic cats in primary care practices: ABVP roundtable report. J Feline Med Surg 2015; 17 (11): 967-969.

Hoelmkjaer KM, Spodsberg EM, Bjornvad CR. Insulin detemir treatment in diabetic cats in a practice setting. J Feline Med Surg 2015; 17: 144–151.

Gostelow R, Forcada Y, Graves T, et al. Systematic review of feline diabetic remission: separating fact from opinion. Vet J 2014; 202: 208–221.  

Bloom CA, Rand J. Feline diabetes mellitus: clinical use of long-acting glargine and detemir. J Feline Med Surg 2014; 16: 205–215.

Nack R, DeClue AE. In cats with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus, use of a near-euglycemic management paradigm improves remission rate over a traditional paradigm. Vet Q 2014; 34: 132–136.

Palm CA, Feldman EC. Oral hypoglycemics in cats with diabetes mellitus. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2013; 43: 407–415.

Farrow HA, Rand JS, Morton JM, et al. Effect of dietary carbohydrate, fat, and protein on postprandial glycemia and energy intake in cats. J Vet Intern Med 2013; 27: 1121–1135.

Callegari C, Mercuriali E, Hafner M, et al. Survival time and prognostic factors in cats with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus: 114 cases (2000–2009). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2013; 243: 91–95.

Rand JS. Pathogenesis of feline diabetes. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2013; 43: 221–231.

Zoran DL, Rand JS. The role of diet in the prevention and management of feline diabetes. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2013; 43: 233–243.

Reusch C, Padrutt I. New incretin hormonal therapies in humans relevant to diabetic cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2013; 43: 417–433.

Roomp K and Rand JS. Management of diabetic cats with long-acting insulin. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2013; 43: 251–266.

Rand JS. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state in cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2013; 43: 367–379.

Roomp K, Rand J. Evaluation of detemir in diabetic cats managed with a protocol for intensive blood glucose control. J Feline Med Surg 2012; 14: 566–572.

Scott-Moncrieff JCR, Moore GE, Coe J, et al. Characteristics of commercially manufactured and compounded protamine zinc insulin. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2012; 240: 600–605.

Maggiore AD, Nelson RW, Dennis J, et al. Efficacy of protamine zinc recombinant human insulin for controlling hyperglycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus. J Vet Intern Med 2012; 26: 109–115.

Dietiker-Moretti S, Müller C, Sieber-Ruckstuhl N, et al. Comparison of a continuous glucose monitoring system with a portable blood glucose meter to determine insulin dose in cats with diabetes mellitus. J Vet Intern Med 2011; 25: 1084–1088.

Scott-Moncrieff JC. Insulin resistance in cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2010; 40: 241–257.

Niessen SJ, Powney S, Guitian J, et al. Evaluation of a quality-of-life tool for cats with diabetes mellitus. J Vet Intern Med 2010; 24: 1098–1105.

Zeugswetter FK, Rebuzzi L, Karlovits S. Alternative sampling site for blood glucose testing in cats: giving the ears a rest. J Feline Med Surg 2010; 12: 710–713.

Gilor C, Graves TK. Synthetic insulin analogs and their use in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2010; 40: 297–307.

Marshall RD, Rand JS, Morton JM. Treatment of newly diagnosed diabetic cats with glargine insulin improves glycaemic control and results in higher probability of remission than protamine zinc and lente insulins. J Feline Med Surg 2009; 11: 683–691.

Roomp K, Rand J. Intensive blood glucose control is safe and effective in diabetic cats using home monitoring and treatment with glargine. J Feline Med Surg 2009; 11: 668–682.

Nelson RW, Henley K, Cole C, et al. Field safety and efficacy of protamine zinc recombinant human insulin for treatment of diabetes mellitus in cats. J Vet Intern Med 2009; 23: 787–793.

Slingerland LI, Fazilova VV, Plantinga EA, et al. Indoor confinement and physical inactivity rather than the proportion of dry food are risk factors in the development of feline type 2 diabetes mellitus. Vet J 2009; 179: 247–253.

Norsworthy G, Lynn R, Cole C. Preliminary study of protamine zinc recombinant insulin for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in cats. Vet Ther 2009; 10: 24–28.

Hall TD, Mahony O, Rozanski EA, et al. Effects of diet on glucose control in cats with diabetes mellitus treated with twice daily insulin glargine. J Feline Med Surg 2009; 11: 125–130.

Forcada Y, German AJ, Noble PJM, et al. Determination of serum fPLI concentrations in cats with diabetes mellitus. J Feline Med Surg 2008; 10: 480–487.

Marshall RD, Rand JS, Morton JM. Glargine and protamine zinc insulin have a longer duration of action and result in lower mean daily glucose concentrations than lente insulin in healthy cats. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2008; 31: 205–212.

Link KR, Rand JS. Changes in blood glucose concentration are associated with relatively rapid changes in circulating fructosamine concentrations in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2008; 10: 583–592. 

Niessen SJM, Petrie G, Guadiano F, et al. Feline Acromegaly: An underdiagnosed endocrinopathy? J Vet Intern Med 2007; 21(5): 899-905.

Additional references on feline diabetes can be found in the ISFM Guidelines on Diabetes Mellitus.  

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